Movie and Entertainment Vocabulary and Idioms:

eMovie and Entertainment Vocabulary and Idioms:

A chick flick: a movie that is particularly popular with women, example: Pretty Woman, Titanic

A smash hit: a movie that has great success and makes a lot of money.

The movie bombed: the movie was unsuccessful, made no money.

The movie flopped: the movie was unsuccessful, made no money.

A blockbuster: a very successful movie, example: Avatar

A tearjerker: a movie that makes you cry, you try hard not to with no success. Example: Titanic

A makeout movie: a movie that is helpful when you want to sit close to (maybe kiss) your boyfriend/girlfriend.

Paparazzi: photographers that follow celebrities and take their picture.

Useful phrases when talking about movies:

What's it called?

Who's in it?

What's it about?

What's it like?

Who's it directed by?nglishdesk.blogspot.com

The Truth About Caffeine

The Truth About Caffeine
How many of you here consider yourself caffeine addicts? How much coffee do you drink a day? One cup? Two cups? More? How about caffeinated sodas?
Caffeine is pervasive in our society these days and every few months we hear about how a study has shown that it is bad for us or good for us. What are we to believe?
Today I'd like to give you some of the facts about caffeine and its effects on your body. It may not cause you to change your coffee consumption but at least you'll be better informed about what you are putting into your body.
I'm going to talk about the beneficial effects of caffeine, the negative effects and discuss what are considered safe levels of caffeine consumption.
Let's start with the good news. Caffeine, which comes from the leaves, seeds and fruits of about 63 different plants, is well known as a stimulant. That's why people drink it, right?
Caffeine does help you wake up and feel more alert and it has been shown to increase attention spans. This is a beneficial effect for people who are driving long distances and for people who are doing tedious work. Calling this a health benefit may be stretching it, though staying awake while you are driving a car is definitely a benefit to your well-being!
Caffeine also contains antioxidants which have been shown to have cancer prevention qualities.
The negative effects of caffeine are largely dependent on how much you consume.
When consumed in small quantities like, for example when you have one cup of coffee or one soda, caffeine can cause your heart rate to increase, you urinate more which can cause dehydration, and your digestive system produces more acid.
In larger amounts, caffeine can cause you to have headaches, feel restless and nervous, be unable to sleep, and even, in very large quantities to have hallucinations.(Don't try that at home!) When larger amounts of caffeine (over 600 mg per day) are used over long periods of time you can develop sleep problems, get depressed and have problems with your digestive system.
According to a Medline article on the National Institutes of Health website, having caffeine in your diet is not of any benefit to your health but moderate consumption is also not considered harmful.
They say that having up to 3 eight ounce cups of coffee a day or 250 mg of caffeine is considered (quote) "average or moderate". 10 cups of coffee a day is considered excessive. Also, remember that the amount of caffeine per cup can vary greatly depending on the type of beans that are used and the strength of the brew.
Most sodas with caffeine, unless they are specially enhanced like "Jolt" or something like that, have about 35 mg of caffeine per 8 ounces so you don't have to worry too much unless you are drinking several 2 liter bottles per day. Also, the effect of caffeine on you personally will depend on a number of factors like your weight, general health, mood and personal sensitivity to caffeine.
You can see that caffeine can have both positive and negative effects on our health and well-being but the bottom line is that if you drink your coffee or sodas in moderation, you don't have to worry too much.
So, the next time you are wondering whether you should have that second cup of coffee to perk you up, relax. At least now you know what it is and isn't doing to you!
End of Sample Informative Speech
Grab a pen and paper or your laptop, make yourself a cup of coffee and write yourself an amazing informative speech to teach and impress your audience!

Cramped Quarters

Karen is living in residence at university. She shares her room with one other person, Tanis. They live on the 7th floor. On their door, there is a small whiteboard. At the bottom it says, "Karen and Tanis live here. Leave a message!". Karen's bed is against the north wall. She uses the space under her bed for storage. Tanis' bed is against the opposite wall. Between the two beds there is a space about 6 feet wide. Karen's desk is next to her bed. On her desk she has a computer. There is a reading lamp beside the computer. She has another light above her bed that she can use when she is reading in bed. On the floor beside the desk, there is a kettle. To the right of the desk, stands a book case which they share. They also share a small fridge which is in the corner. There is one window in the west wall whch looks out on the grounds. The bathroom is down the hall. There are laundry facilites on the second floor. They have their meals in the dining hall; they have to stand in line, but the food is reasonable. At the front of the building, there is an Intercom so their friends can buzz them. Karen and Tanis get along quite well. The only thing Karen doesn't like is that Tanis leaves the light on when she studies at night. That makes it hard for Karen to sleep.

Concise ESL Support

Conditional and Hypothetical Constructions

Usage	“If” clause verb form	Main clause verb form
	“If” event ‘A’ occurs	then event ‘B’ happens*
Generally true	simple present e.g. If I feel hungry	simple present I eat
True for the future	simple present e.g. If I feel hungry (later)	simple future I will eat
Untrue now and future (hypothetical) I am not hungry now, but this is what I would do if that were the case.	simple past If I were hungry	would + verb name I would eat
Untrue in the past (hypothetical) I was not hungry in the past, but this is what I would have done if that were the case.	past perfect If I had been hungry	would + present perfect I would have eaten

* Clause order can be reversed. Event ‘B’ happens if event ‘A’ occurs—note the change in punctuation.

Conditionals

“If” is the most common word used to introduce adverbial clauses of condition (conditionals); other words that introduce these clauses are:

• Constructions with ‘if’;                 even if / only if
• Unless (means except if . . .)
• Whether or not
• Providing/provided (that)
• In case/in the event (that)

Hypothetical constructions

Usage	Wish	Clause
Wish + a noun clause	simple present + (that) e.g. I wish (that)	simple past I had more of money.*
Generally true	simple present + (that) e.g. I wish (that)	simple past I exercised more.
Statement referring to the past	simple present e.g. I wish (that)	past perfect I had paid attention to the teacher.
A promise, certainty, possibility or ability	simple present e.g. I wish (that)	modal (would/could) + verb name I would be a better student. I could study more effectively.

more or less

Symbols for other components may be more or less standard, or be invented as desired to show how the component operates.

prevent from

This prevents negative pressure ( vacuum ) from siphoning water from the system when supply pressure is removed, as in figure.

to prevent air from blocking circulation of water

are similar to, in that

Vacuum relief valves are similar to check valves in that they are one-way valves which close under system pressure to prevent water escaping, but open to allow air into the system when the pressure is removed.

flush with

If one object or surface is flush with another, they are at the same height or distance from something else, so that they form a single smooth surface. Adjective v-link ADJ
Synonym level
Make sure the tile is flush with the surrounding tiles. + 'with'
If you are flush with money, you have a lot of it, usually only for a short time. Adjective v-link ADJ usu ADJ 'with' n informal
At that time, many developing countries were flush with dollars earned from exports.
If we're feeling flush we'll probably give them champagne.

Carl Safina: The oil spill's unseen culprits, victims

This is the ocean as I used to know it. 
And I find that since I've been in the Gulf a couple of times, I really kind of am traumatized because, whenever I look at the ocean now, no matter where I am, even where I know none of the oil has gone, I sort of see slicks. And I'm finding that I'm very much haunted by it.
 But what I want to talk to you about today is a lot of things that try to put all of this in context, not just about the oil eruption, but what it means and why it has happened.


First, just a little bit about me.
 I'm basically just a guy that likes to go fishing ever since I was a little kid. 
And because I did, I wound up studying sea birds to try to stay in the coastal habitats that I so loved. And now I mainly write books about how the ocean is changing. And the ocean is certainly changing very rapidly. Now we saw this kind of graphic earlier on. That we really live on a hard marble that has just a slight bit of wetness to it. It's like you dipped a marble in water. And the same thing with the atmosphere. If you took all the atmosphere and rolled it up in a ball, you would get that little sphere of gas on the right. So we live on the most fragile, little soap bubble you can imagine, a very sacred soap bubble, but one that is very, very easy to effect.

Examples of Transitions:

Illustration 

Thus, for example, for instance, namely, to illustrate, in other words, in particular, specifically, such as.

Contrast

On the contrary, contrarily, notwithstanding, but, however, nevertheless, in spite of, in contrast, yet, on one hand, on the other hand, rather, or, nor, conversely, at the same time, while this may be true.

Addition

And, in addition to, furthermore, moreover, besides, than, too, also, both-and, another, equally important, first, second, etc., again, further, last, finally, not only-but also, as well as, in the second place, next, likewise, similarly, in fact, as a result, consequently, in the same way, for example, for instance, however, thus, therefore, otherwise.

Time

After, afterward, before, then, once, next, last, at last, at length, first, second, etc., at first, formerly, rarely, usually, another, finally, soon, meanwhile, at the same time, for a minute, hour, day, etc., during the morning, day, week, etc., most important, later, ordinarily, to begin with, afterwards, generally, in order to, subsequently, previously, in the meantime, immediately, eventually, concurrently, simultaneously.

Space

At the left, at the right, in the center, on the side, along the edge, on top, below, beneath, under, around, above, over, straight ahead, at the top, at the bottom, surrounding, opposite, at the rear, at the front, in front of, beside, behind, next to, nearby, in the distance, beyond, in the forefront, in the foreground, within sight, out of sight, across, under, nearer, adjacent, in the background.

Concession

Although, at any rate, at least, still, thought, even though, granted that, while it may be true, in spite of, of course.

Similarity or Comparison

Similarly, likewise, in like fashion, in like manner, analogous to.

Emphasis

Above all, indeed, truly, of course, certainly, surely, in fact, really, in truth, again, besides, also, furthermore, in addition.

Details

Specifically, especially, in particular, to explain, to list, to enumerate, in detail, namely, including.

Examples

For example, for instance, to illustrate, thus, in other words, as an illustration, in particular.

Consequence or Result

So that, with the result that, thus, consequently, hence, accordingly, for this reason, therefore, so, because, since, due to, as a result, in other words, then.

Summary

Therefore, finally, consequently, thus, in short, in conclusion, in brief, as a result, accordingly.

Suggestion

For this purpose, to this end, with this in mind, with this purpose in mind, therefore.

Other

Other than periodic lubrication, maintenance should be done by a professional repair shop.

to be

What is the procedure to be performed before doing any work on power equipment?

Through

Through the use of special equipment, piping can be smoothly grooved for mechanical couplings.

differ from in that

The threading machine differs from a portable power vise in that the cutter and the reamer, the carriage for the die head, and the pump to circulate thread cutting oil are built-parts of the machine, not optional attachments.

replace with

these cutters are be converted to three wheel cutters by replacing the two rollers with cutter wheels.

If

If a pipe is to be threaded, it is very important that the end be cut squarely.

available in

Cutters are available in a number of designs and sizes.

rather than

a pair of jaws rather than a chain.
A blunt cutter tends to crush rather than cut the pipe.

result in, result from

Too much pressure will result in a squashed or deformed pipe.

• Many hair problems result from what you eat. V + 'from'
• Ignore the early warnings and illness could result. V

worth

These books might be worth £80 or £90 or more to a collector.
His mother inherited a farm worth 15,000 dollars a year.
The contract was worth £25 million a year.

I went and bought about six dollars' worth of potato chips. + 'of'
Large numbers of deer now roam the forests and are causing thousands of millions of roubles-worth of damage.

Worth is also a pronoun. Pronoun
`How many do you want?'—`I'll have a pound's worth.'

You've got three years' worth of research money to do what you want with. + 'of'
After an hour and a quarter's-worth of cleansing, toning and pampering, the difference to the way my skin felt was remarkable.

Worth is also a pronoun. Pronoun
There's really not very much food down there. About two weeks' worth.

If you say that something is worth having, you mean that it is pleasant or useful, and therefore a good thing to have. Adjective v-link 'worth' -ing
He's decided to get a look at the house and see if it might be worth buying.
If this was what his job required, then the job wasn't really worth having.
Most things worth having never come easy.

If something is worth a particular action, or if an action is worth doing, it is considered to be important enough for that action. Adjective
No one is worth a great deal of sacrifice. + 'worth'
I am spending a lot of money and time on this boat, but it is worth it.
This restaurant is well worth a visit.
It is worth pausing to consider these statements from Mr Davies.


Someone's worth is the value, usefulness, or importance that they are considered to have. Noun (uncountable) usu with poss formal

He had never had a woman of her worth as a friend.
The team would have need of a driver of his worth.


If you do something for all you are worth, you do it with a lot of energy and enthusiasm. Phrase V inflects
We both began waving to the crowd for all we were worth.
Push for all you're worth!


If someone does something for all it is worth, they do it as much as possible and for as long as they can get benefit from it. Phrase V inflects
You get anywhere with legal aid only by playing the system for all it is worth.
...taking an idea and exploiting it for all it's worth.


If you add for what it's worth to something that you say, you are suggesting that what you are saying or referring to may not be very valuable or helpful, especially because you do not want to appear arrogant. Phrase PHR with cl

For what it's worth, my feeling is that ice in whisky is fine.
I've brought my notes, for what it's worth.
If an action or activity is worth someone's while, it will be helpful, useful, or enjoyable for them if they do it, even though it requires some effort. Phrase v-link PHR
Synonym worthwhile

It might be worth your while to go to court and ask for the agreement to be changed.
You'll find it well worth your while to learn something of each island's special features before visiting them.
worth your weight in gold

feature

it features a pipe rest and bender

looks, unlikely

looks strong and is unlikely to be easily injured or damaged.

while

which are used while cutting

Some are, others are

Some are attached to portable stands for use at the job site; others are designed to be mounted on a workbench only.

familiar with, similar to

He talked of other cultures as if they were more familiar to him than his own. + 'to'
They are already familiar faces on our TV screens.

Lesinko is quite familiar with Central Television. He worked there for 25 years.
Most people are familiar with this figure from Wagner's opera.

The accident was similar to one that happened in 1973.

which

the environment in which it is placed
which are used while cutting
the situation under which the cutting operation will be carried out.

Once the oxygen is depleted, the water is actually far less corrosive than fresh water although it is still not drinkable.

With advances in plastics chemistry, plastic tubing is often used in potable water supply system.

※ with + 목 + 보어 ⇒ 「... 한 상태로」

. with one's hair waving in the wind (머리카락을 바람에 날리면서)

. with one's legs crossed(folded) (다리를 꼬고)

. with a radio on/off (라디오를 켜놓은 채/커놓은 채)

. with one's arms crossed (팔짱을 끼고)

. with one's mission completed (임무를 끝내 놓고)

. with one's dog following behind (개가 뒤에서 따르고)

. with one's eyes bandaged (한쪽 눈을 붕대로 감고)

. with one's mouth full (입안을 가득 채우고)

. with one's jacket hanging on his shoulder (상의를 어깨에 걸치고)

. with a smile on one's face (얼굴에 미소를 띠며)

. with a pipe in one's mouth (파이프를 입에 물고)

. with a hat on/off (모자를 쓴 채로/벗은 채로)

. with one's elbows resting on one's knees (팔꿈치를 무릎에 놓고)

. with one's hand in one's pocket (손을 주머니에 찔러 놓은 채로)

. with one's arms covered with blood (손이 온통 피로 범벅이 된 채)

부대상황 (동시동작 : While, As → ∼하면서)

ex 1) He extended his hand, smiling brightly.
= He extended his hand, while he smiled brightly.

2) They supported him, saying that he was right.
= They supported him, while they said that he was right.

부대상황 (연속동작 : And ∼ → 그리고 ∼하다)

ex 1) We started in the morning, and arrived in Seoul at seven.
= We started in the morning, arriving Seoul at seven.

2) He picked up a stone, and threw it at a dog.
= He picked up a stone, throwing it at a dog.

with + 명사(목적어) + 현재분사(~ing)/과거분사(~ed)/형용사/부사 의 형태를 취한다.
이는 '~하면서' 라는 뜻으로 해석되며 특히 목적어의 상태(수/능동)에 따라 현재/과거분사로 나뉘어 쓰인다.

The pressure rating of piping declines as temperatures increase.

Copper tubing is not common as it is expensive compared to steel pipe, especially in the larger sizes that are generally used in such systems.

What are you afraid of

I'm still afraid to sleep in my own bedroom. + 'to'

She's afraid for her family in Somalia. + 'for'

I was afraid that nobody would believe me.
The Government is afraid of losing the election. + 'of'

We don't have anything like that, I'm afraid.
I'm afraid I can't help you.
`Bad news?'—`I'm afraid so.'

are also available which have

Closet flanges are also available which have an adjustable ring. This allows for some movement for mounting.

remove with

These plugs can be easily removed with a wrench to allow removal of brockages in the system.

provide

I'll be glad to provide a copy of this. V n
They would not provide any details. V n
The government was not in a position to provide them with food.

appear, as though

it appears as though the entire outer surface is threaded.

The more gradual the bend, the longer the throat and the larger the radius of the elbow.

the joint will be subject to great pressures

To be subject to something means to be affected by it or to be likely to be affected by it. Adject
Prices may be subject to alteration.
In addition, interest on Treasury issues isn't subject to state and local income taxes.

farther further

farther north / south
북쪽/남쪽으로 더 멀리
I can't go any farther.

[far의 비교급] (특히 英) (거리상으로) 더 멀리에[로]
We had walked further than I had realized.
우리는 내가 생각한 것보다 더 멀리 걸어간 상태였다.

2. (과거로) 더 거슬러 올라가; (미래로) 더 나아가
Think further back into your childhood.

farther north / south
북쪽/남쪽으로 더 멀리
I can't go any farther.

How will the company be doing ten years further on?
지금부터 10년이 더 지나면 회사가 어떻게 하고 있을까요?
3. 더
The police decided to investigate further.
경찰은 수사를 더 하기로 결정했다.
My life is further complicated by having to work such long hours.

so that

DWV fittings are designed so that they wil form a smooth surface when they are used to connect piping.

that

An important feature to remember when you are trying to identify fittings is that DWV fittings have more gradual bends to direct flow.

along

Newman walked along the street alone.
The young man led Mark along a corridor.